Peptides researched for
Mitochondrial dysfunction / cellular energy
Energy at the cell level
3 peptides · 6 studies
What people research this for
Mitochondria are the tiny power plants inside your cells. People interested in energy, stamina, and aging well often end up reading about them. A few peptides have been studied for how they affect these power plants, mostly in early research.
Researched for
- Cellular energy
- Mitochondrial health
- Metabolism and aging
What the studies say so far
SS-31, also called elamipretide, is built to reach mitochondria and attach to a fat molecule in their inner wall. Reviews describe how it interacts with the cell's energy machinery. MOTS-c is a small peptide made from the mitochondria's own DNA, studied in animals for how the body handles fuel, muscle, and fat. NAD+ reviews link cell energy to aging, and what supplements do depends on the situation. Medical uses for these are narrow and still being worked out.
Peptides studied
Each peptide below has been studied in this area. The label shows how far that research has gone.
SS-31
Small early studies in peopleResearch review · 2 studies
Study note. SS-31 / elamipretide reviews describe mitochondrial-targeted peptides that interact with cardiolipin and cellular bioenergetics.
- Serendipity and the discovery of novel compounds that restore mitochondrial plasticity. (opens in a new tab)
Szeto HH, Birk AV · Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2014 · PubMed
- Elamipretide: A Review of Its Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Therapeutic Potential. (opens in a new tab)
Tung C, Varzideh F, Farroni E · International journal of molecular sciences · 2025 · PubMed
- Serendipity and the discovery of novel compounds that restore mitochondrial plasticity. (opens in a new tab)
MOTS-C
Early lab and animal researchAnimal study · 2 studies
Study note. MOTS-c is an mtDNA-encoded peptide studied for metabolic and muscle/fat regulation.
- The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. (opens in a new tab)
Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG · Cell metabolism · 2015 · PubMed
- MOTS-c: A novel mitochondrial-derived peptide regulating muscle and fat metabolism. (opens in a new tab)
Lee C, Kim KH, Cohen P · Free radical biology & medicine · 2016 · PubMed
- The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. (opens in a new tab)
NAD+
Small early studies in peopleResearch review · 2 studies
Study note. NAD+ / sirtuin biology reviews link cellular energetics to aging pathways, supplementation outcomes depend on context.
- NAD+ and sirtuins in aging and disease. (opens in a new tab)
Imai S, Guarente L · Trends in cell biology · 2014 · PubMed
- NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing (opens in a new tab)
Covarrubias AJ, Perrone R, Grozio A · Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol · 2021 · PubMed
- NAD+ and sirtuins in aging and disease. (opens in a new tab)
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